The presence of an E horizon suggests which type of environment?

The presence of an E horizon, which is typically characterized by leaching of minerals and organic materials, indicates a soil formation process that occurs under conditions where rainfall exceeds evaporation, typically found in forested areas. This horizon is commonly referred to as the eluviation horizon, where the lighter-colored and more leached soils are leached of nutrients due to the downward movement of water. In forested regions, this process is facilitated by the abundant vegetation, which contributes organic material to the soil while the tree canopy induces sufficient moisture levels for leaching.

In contrast, the other environments listed do not support the development of an E horizon as commonly or as prominently due to their distinct climatic and vegetation characteristics. In drought-prone areas, water is limited, causing less leaching. Desert regions typically have minimal organic matter and high evaporation rates, which also inhibit the formation of an E horizon. Rocky terrain often has less soil development overall, and the soil profiles may not have well-defined horizons like an E. Thus, recognizing an E horizon strongly aligns with the processes observed in forested environments.