What is the effect of soil texture on runoff rates?

Coarse-textured soils, often composed of larger particles such as sand, tend to have higher runoff rates due to their lower water-holding capacity. When rain falls on these soils, the large pore spaces allow for rapid drainage, making it difficult for water to penetrate and be absorbed. This quick drainage means that more water flows over the surface rather than being absorbed into the soil, leading to increased runoff.

In contrast, fine-textured soils, which are made up of smaller particles like silt and clay, have higher water retention capabilities. Their smaller pore sizes create more friction and slower drainage, allowing more time for water to infiltrate the soil rather than contributing to surface runoff. Therefore, the texture of the soil significantly influences how much water is retained versus how much is carried away as runoff. Understanding these dynamics is crucial in managing soil for agriculture, erosion control, and water conservation practices.