What practice can enhance organic matter in soil?

Adding compost to soil is an effective practice for enhancing organic matter. Compost is a natural amendment derived from decomposed organic materials, such as plant residues, food scraps, and other biodegradable substances. When introduced into the soil, compost improves its structure, enhances moisture retention, promotes beneficial microbial activity, and provides a slow release of nutrients. The increase in organic matter not only boosts soil fertility but also contributes to greater biodiversity in the soil ecosystem, allowing for improved overall soil health and resilience.

In contrast, the other practices listed do not directly contribute to organic matter enhancement. Installing drainage tiles serves mainly to manage water levels in the soil but does not add organic material. Applying synthetic fertilizers primarily provides nutrients in a concentrated form without improving the organic content of the soil. Using herbicides focuses on controlling unwanted plants and does not add organic matter; in fact, excessive use can harm beneficial soil organisms. Thus, adding compost stands out as the most beneficial practice for increasing organic matter in the soil.